疯狂英语阅读
丝绸古道在它的东段有三条路线,即北道、中道和南道。自公元前2世纪起,在我国西汉时期,丝绸之路已有南北两道。此南北两道都在天山以南。公元3世纪以前,南北两道,以南道较为繁荣。在本期的CE里, 我们会沿着马克•波罗当年的足迹重返丝路南道,追溯昔日段段辉煌的印记。
Xi'an is the capital of Shaanxi Province. As in all trading centers in China today, modern prosperity and technology are clearly evident here. And perhaps Xi'an is really no different from what it was in the past: while the types of 1)merchandise, people and transport may look new; they serve the same purpose as before. Over 1000 years ago during the Tang 2)Dynasty, this region was known as Chang'an. Traders from every direction would gather here to 3)barter and bargain. Goods, animals and 4)provisions would have to be prepared for the long journey over the Silk Road, across the desert to the trading 5)nexus of the west. The oldest, original Silk Road to western China followed what is now known as the southern route. The Chinese 6)caravan would start at Gu Chang'an and proceed west to Dun Huang in the Gansu Province before heading out into the 7)wilderness. Finally, the caravan would reach the city of 8)Kashgar, an 9)entrepot on the border of China. Some caravans would then turn south across the mountains to India, while others would take a more westerly course across the 10)plateau to Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran. It was this same southern route that 11)Marco Polo used when he traveled from Venice in Italy to China more than 700 years ago. Even today, the southern road has become a 12)synonym for the 13)remote and 14)exotic; a wilderness path full of dangers. In recent decades, only a few 15)expeditions have ventured in to explore these parts. The 16)annals of Marco Polo were among the first and clearest to tell the world about the Chinese lands, and the lifestyles of people living along the Silk Road. We are 17)embarking on this same journey, to rediscover the past and the ways of life to be found along this 18)rugged, nearly abandoned 19)stretch of road. The fierce storms of the Taklamakan is no joke. It is said that an ancient kingdom, known as Lou Lan was indeed buried by a sandstorm in a single night, and all lives in it, lost. Only in the early years of the 20th Century was it rediscovered. 20)Subsequently, an 21)incredible number of other lost civilizations from hundreds of years before were recovered in a similar manner from beneath the sands of 22)the Desert of Death. One of the most important finds in 1995 was at 23)Cemetery Number One. Eight graves of noble families were 24)unearthed, and in them were numerous valuables. Among the most precious of these ancient objects were fabrics of brightly colored silk and wool, beautifully designed.
西安,陕西省的省府。与今天中国所有的贸易中心一样,这里处处呈现出一片繁荣和现代化的景象。也许西安真的跟昔日分别不大--虽然商品类型、当地的人们,还有运输工具都换上了新貌,但他们所扮演的角色却跟过去无异。在一千多年前的唐朝,这里叫做“长安”。来自四面八方的商旅都会云集到这里进行易货贸易。他们带备了货物、牲畜,还有补给品,踏上丝绸之路漫长的旅途,横越沙漠,前往西方的贸易枢纽。
最古老、原始的通向中国西部的丝绸之路就是今天为人所熟知的(丝绸之路)“南道”。中国的商队从古长安出发,向西走,到达甘肃省内的敦煌,然后走进大漠; 最后来到喀什市--中国边境的贸易重镇。一些商队会南下翻过群山进入印度,有些则会继续西行,越过高原,前往巴基斯坦、阿富汗和伊朗。700多年前,马可?波罗从意大利的威尼斯来中国所走的就是南道。时至今天,南道已经变成偏僻荒凉的代名词,沿途危机四伏。近几十年,仅有少数的探险队冒险来这里考察。马克•波罗的见闻录是最早也是最清楚地向世人展示了中国丝绸之路沿途风土人情的记载之一。如今我们将踏上相同的旅程,沿着这条崎岖不平、几乎荒废的道路,再次探索有待发掘的过去与生活的足迹。
塔克拉玛干沙漠的沙尘暴非同小可。据说有一被称为“楼兰”的古国,竟在一夜之间被黄沙淹没,人畜无一生还。直至20世纪初,才被人们发现。随后许多在数百年前同样被埋葬于这“死亡沙漠”的文明古国陆续被发现。1995年最重要的发现之一是一号墓地。八个贵族坟墓出土,里面有大量贵重的陪葬品。这些古物当中最为珍贵的是那些色彩鲜艳、图案精美的丝绸和羊毛织物。
1) merchandise [5mE:tFEndaiz] n. 商品货物
2) dynasty [5dinEsti] n. 朝代
3) barter [5bB:tE] v. 物物交换,易货贸易
4)provision [prE5viVEn] n. 补给品
5) nexus [5neksEs] n. 连结, 关系
6) caravan [5kArEvAn] n. 商队
7) wilderness [5wildEnis] n. 荒野
8) Kashgar [5kAF5^B:] n. 喀什(中国新疆西部城市)
9) entrepot [5CntrEpEu] n. <法>贸易中心,仓库
10) plateau [5plAtEu] n. 高原
11) Marco Polo 马可•波罗(意大利旅行家、商人,1254-1324)
12) synonym [5sinEnim] n. 同义字
13) remote [ri5mEut] a. 偏远的
14) exotic [i^5zCtik] a. 外来的, 奇异的
15) expedition [7ekspi5diFEn] n. 探险队
16) annals [5AnElz] n. 记载
17) embark on 开始,着手
18) rugged [5rQ^id] a. 崎岖的
19) stretch [stretF] n. 一段时间(路程)
20) subsequently [5sQbsikwEntli] ad. 后来, 随后
21) incredible [in5kredEbl] a. 惊人的
22) the Desert of Death “死亡沙漠”,指塔克拉玛干沙漠,中国最大的沙漠,维吾尔族人称之为“死亡沙漠”。
23) cemetery [5semitri] n. 墓地
24) unearth [5Qn5E:P] v. 掘出
应读者要求,我们这期选取了一些有关中国文化的材料,免得让同学们与外国人谈及中国文化时落得黔驴技穷的尴尬局面。文章中有描述路径的典型句群,一气呵成,练习听力的同学注意先在脑海里形成一定的丝路印象,才能更好地把握地理方面的听力材料。